I think that inverted totalitarianism is a fundamental descriptor of the Gallente Federation. I didn't know this term had been coined, that's a rather nice word for gallente society which fits perfectly imo.
Why Gallente and not Caldari? I tend to think of Gallente society as being somewhat utopian. Androids instead of slaves, women in skimpy costumes, George Jetson and so on. Mind you, I would only be hearing about Gallente society through Amarrian Empire propaganda, so I wouldn't have an accurate picture.
Even utopia has a dark side though. Dostoyevsky had a science fiction story (if you want to call it that) about a glittering tower where humans had solved every problem, except for boredom of course. With nothing to do and nothing to fear or anticipate, the residents of the glittering tower deliberately dismantled their own civilization. Without strife of some sort, life serves no purpose.
Gallente society as being a totalitarian democracy? Tyranny of the masses perhaps? Rule of the average (hu)man, where exceptional people are kept down and bled dry so the parasites and the freeloaders can have it easy?
I do think that life in any of the four major empires is designed to be intolerable, to encourage you to leave high sec.
I would also expect that in Amarr its about power relationships. Fully expect that they see a lot of casual sexual abuse of slaves/servants/lower classes with little regard to gender binaries.
As for the "have kids anyways" argument, it seems likely to me that it would vary massively depending on societal rank and position in family. I expect that norms would vary massively depending on exactly what class you are in.
This was certainly the case in Ancient Rome, or any other slave owning societies.
I am wondering how the Amarrians would feel about the use of slave brothels for the 'entertainment' of the troops? The use of Korean 'comfort women' by the Japanese, or the female prisoners assigned to the 'Joy Division' by the Nazis for example?
I know many Amarrians (myself included) like to portray the Amarrian religion as a reflection of Paulist Christianity. 'Sex is evil, lust is evil, the flesh is weak', and so on. However, these professed values have seldom prevented Crusaders, soldiers, etc. from raping and enslaving women when they had the chance, even if they had to beg forgiveness (or face a court martial) for doing so.
The thing is, I am not sure that Amarrians reflect Paulist values to begin with. They probably are very prude about sexuality of course, but sex being evil and the flesh being weak ? I have yet to find clues about that in the PF tbh.
Well, we do know that the Amarr consider flesh to be sacred. I don't think this only applies to Emperors, because in one hauling mission we are told that
genetically altered cattle are also considered a sacrilege to the Amarr.
The Amarrians also have a hierarchical society where rank is passed down through the family, so it is important to be 'well bred'. You don't want to dilute your bloodline by sewing your wild oats into a 'lesser being'. Even the slaves are released according to what generation they are. A 12 generation slave that had a child with a sixth generation slave would likely never see their children again.
Sure, the Amarrians would have the technology of birth control, but what would the 'Space Catholics' think about the spiritual implications of using it? We know that the Amarrians don't have a problem with abortion (at least when it comes to breeding Kameria soldiers).
Most capsuleers are probably sterile anyways, considering the
radiation hazards they are exposed to in space, as well as missiles, bullets, etc.. Of course, anything which applies to the Empires doesn't apply to the capsuleers, who are a breed apart.
When I say the 'flesh is weak', I mean that as a metaphor. "The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak." The mind says 'Do this!' The body says 'But I am lazy/ tired/ horny/ scared/ hungry.' True for me, true for you, true for everybody.
I would argue that this is pretty much a reflection of human, or even biological nature. We need to get up early, but we hit the snooze button one more time. We have to watch what we eat, but we want that delicious fattening pastry. We have to study for the exam, but the Star Trek marathon just came on, and so forth.
Yes, it would be incorrect to say that the Amarrian religion is 'Paulist', since it is not Christian at all. However, that does reflect the stereotype that many Amarrian roleplayers seem to have about the Amarrian religion. Maybe this is because we don't really have anything to compare it with, other than what we are already familiar with (or a grotesque parody of it anyways).
The fire and brimstone bully pulpit just seems to be more fun to roleplay than a Mother Theresa do-gooder figure, especially if your idea of fun in EVE is undocking in a warship and heading into battle eager to kill someone.
Religion in most cases seems to entail exercising some sort of personal restraint. Christians abstain from pre-marital sex, Jews abstain from pork, Muslims abstain from alcohol for example. If a positive aspect could be derived from this, I would have to say it is the development of willpower. The person who can overcome their lust today can conquer their fear tomorrow. The mind is the master of the body, not the other way around.