Right, so, let's start at the beginning(ish).
http://wiki.eveonline.com/en/wiki/The_Elite_%28Chronicle%29leads into
http://wiki.eveonline.com/en/wiki/CloningRelevant bits:
"a clone that receives the consciousness of the original at the moment of death, granting a new life." - remember that it's called a
Neural Burner, not a Neural Happy-Fun-Copy-Time.
Which leads down the Wikihole to:
http://wiki.eveonline.com/en/wiki/Capsuleer_Accidental_Death_and_Dismemberment_Insurance#Out-of-PodIn stations and any other non-pod environment, capsuleers are vulnerable to the same type of accidents as non-capsuleers. Accidents can happen anywhere: from tripping over a chair leg in the local bar or failure of a lift door causing limb severance to more radical situations like fedo attacks during extreme intoxication or pirate assault on station property.
So this would imply several key items.
First, any sort of soft-copy would be A) expensive B) necessarily incomplete and out of date
at all times after copy C) pretty problematic due to multiple activation possibility. Not good things.
Second, we go over to
the 'Cloning' part of the Death entry on EVElopedia and find these notable parts:
Therefore, being cloned is a rather substantial risk that is not undertaken, even among the very wealthy, unless after some serious consideration.
Cloning outside of a capsule is also possible, although the associated risks remain pretty much the same: The brain is scanned - and thereby ruined - and its contents transferred to a receiving station that instantaneously awakens the consciousness in a new clone. This can be done only under laboratory conditions, although technology in the area is progressing quite rapidly. The possibility looms that cloning may at some point take place outside the strictures of a capsule or a similar machine, though it's considered unlikely that it will ever be anything other than instantaneous.
So-called "jump cloning" works in much the same manner. Once a jump contract has been agreed upon, the customer can enter any cloning facility at any station, whereupon they will be brain-scanned, their originating bodies effectively flatlined, and their consciousness transferred to a waiting jump clone at their requested destination. Any implants in the originating body are carefully picked out by machines and just as carefully inserted into a fresh clone waiting at the original jumping-off point. Once the owner finally jumps back, from their point of view, they are returning to the same body, with the same implants and all, when in actuality it is a new clone.
So it would seem to exclude the possibility of having a 'backup' prepared - but wait! As was pointed out,
One Man Too Many would seem to contradict that.
Except for the possibility of face-swapping. Remember, that
One Man Too Many did not run contrary to presented jumpclone canon - it only stated that from Pier Ancu's
perspective he was returning to a previously limp body, and that he knew the body was brand new at the same time. (Wuhoh, Tatiana found the wrench in the works...) And I daresay that Mr. Ancru has more ISK than all of us combined, since he's still giving us a ship
and a 1 Tritanium gratuity!
But it also doesn't exclude the possibility entirely. Just that it would be a massive hurdle at best, and outright impossible for many if not most capsuleers. Handwavium aside, I've not found any lore to date which does not explicitly reference the necessity of a Neural Burner and the tight restrictions on transfers due to possibilities of abuse and essentially destructive nature of the process in all situations. (Plus the 'you will go insane' factor.) Or mentioning that Todo Kirkinen's transfer did not go exactly to plan.
But yes, physics, lore and logic do dictate that even in a best case non-destructive scenario, any backup would only be current up to the point where the "backup" was taken (inclusive memories, skills, etcetera,) iterative or differential backups are not possible, and repeated backups from an original would cause permanent brain damage.
... and this post turned out way longer than I expected.