the relationship appears to be simply employer to employee
The relationship between an employer and an employee is spelled out in a contract.
The contract is evidence of employment and all the rights, responsibilities, and privileges that come with being an employee of a particular employer. Anything that is not in a formal contract is hearsay and easily tossed to the way side. Agreements made outside of contractual obligations are meaningless to the corporations, other employees, and New Eden at large.
In the State, a person's employee contract is their evidence that they are indeed a "citizen" of a State entity and not some vagabond or worse.
Unlike the Federation (citizens), Republic (citizens), or Empire (subjects), the State's corporations have no "natural" obligation to any particular individual. They are obligated to their contracted employees, wherever in the cluster they may be (unless it violates the terms of their employee contract).
It is the State's dark side, without contracts stored with the CBT or some other third-party, the State does not know you exist. There are no "natural rights of men" in the State.
Rather than beg the question of a
social contract, the corporations that formed the State had a pre-existing system (employee contracts under the model of the a Luminaire corporation) of establishing explicitly the relationship between authority (the corporation) and people.
This explicit relationship is ripe for abuse by authority and it was. The societal expectations of
Heiian were not followed and it took rebellion to terrify authority into doing so again.