So...
Formerly the player of Malcolm Khross, who probably white-knighted the Caldari more than most people during his time before retirement.
The Caldari definitely have some dark parts to them.
I'm not pointing the finger of blame at anyone, but you really have to look past the players who have generally lifted the Caldari up on a pedestal. The Caldari have the largest representation among capsuleers, the largets pool of RPers and account for most of the RP that goes on on the forums. This makes for a very biased output of pro-Caldari RP and whitewashing compared to the other factions.
Believe me though, it's there. You have to read between the lines to see it. Look at the things the Caldari laud and praise in their history and you'll find that other factions would be put off by them. For example, the Caldari laud Admiral Tovil-Toba's crashing of a titan into a planet as a heroic sacrifice in honor of his people, most other cultures would see this as a military massacre of non-militant, civilian lives. A massacre that the Caldari praise with a unified voice.
The totalitarian nature of the Caldari is also something they praise, their focus on family and community is a point of their culture that the Caldari proudly proclaim. To an outsider, the complete dissolution of the individual identity and the cultural expectation to sacrifice self for the "good of the many" is oppression and mental conditioning of the worst variety - even the Amarr don't expect their citizens to sacrifice their individual identity. In the Caldari culture, a person's entire livelihood is literally dictated by their corporate identity.
Their meritocratic society looks great on paper but it easily dissolves into nepotism. The fact that your advancement in Caldari society depends upon your deeds being noticed and your merit awarded means you are quite literally at the mercy of your superiors who are under, at best, cultural pressure to recognize your achievements and advance you accordingly.
The list goes on, but they dark elements are definitely there. You just have to look in the shadows.
You probably also remember that we made OOC turn a bit sour between both of us was exactly that I kept pointing as the caldari flaws and vouched for a more nuanced faction, so I definitely saw those dark parts. That's I did it especially because for the Caldari faction, there has always been the group of RPers "before TEA", and the group of RPers "after TEA", which are 2 completely different entities, even today (albeit a lot less). So, actually, i'm definitely not judging the caldari on the image given by caldari white knights past TEA since I was the first one to fight against that image, which alienated most of the caldari community of the time.
Before TEA, it was as I said : corporate drones, inter megacorp inner fighting and cloak and daggers, police state, etc. What pissed off so many Caldari RPers past TEA was exactly that : the loss of that Caldari identity in favour of Dragonaur identity (yeah something that the caldari can't be blamed for either : Nouvelle Rouvenor was of course, not of their doing, but dragaunors...). Then now, CCP tackled the issue and fixed the Dragonaur/nazi issue, to get back to the roots... But not totally. That's why I find it a lot more difficult to find those grimdark sides.
So all in all, with all your answers, yes, I probably tended to minimize a lot of them, but they are... smaller. Minor, in comparison of the atrocities found especially in the Minmatar and the Amarr (what made me say above why the Gallente and the Caldari are... a lot subtler as factions). I think it is rather hard those days to find especially atrocious sides to the Caldari, but you can however add up a lot of minor things like individual liberties, homophobia, being a cog in the machine (albeit a lot less than in pre-TEA PF, which saddens me), and also the point Gwen brought up about the Caldari way of dealing with natives and minorities.
But, for the topic at hand though (even if I did not really intended it as such), yeah, slavery in the state is harder to argue than it was before (since before most caldari were just as I said, corporate drones/cogs). Though it still can be fortunately.