My two cents.
On things, I think its perfectly acceptable to use a common name like apples or oranges. I know of a few Sci-fi settings that actually make a point of pointing out that just because you call something an apple or orange, doesn't mean that its a terran apple or orange. It might just be something that kinda looks like it, and so it got named that. On, in the case of animals, maybe it acts like a mouse, so we call it a mouse, even thought it doesn't look anything like a mouse.
Same thing with proper names of things, like Ohm's law. The characters might not know who Ohm is, but its possible that we would still call it Ohm's law. And I can see all the empires trying to claim the mysterious Ohm was one of their's even though no one really knows if you wanted to carry it that far. On the other hand, you cvan call it Ohm's law just so that everyone knows what you are talking about. Inventing new terms for everything only works if everyone has the same rules book, which would be pretty hard outside of a select group.
On current day people, vague is best I think. We are talking about a length of time where something like wolves or the Earth itself is a myth. You might be able to sell me on someone like Jesus being known about in some sense, or Muhammad, given the shear number of people currently who know about them, but I would bet that only the barest facts would be known, and the rest would be made up by later generations. Thinking that even a famous political figure would be known at all is stretching it in my mind. I think of it like this, what do we know today about the first civilizations? We know they existed, we know a bit about some of the big rulers, and maybe a bit about daily life, but we don't know much beyond that, and most of that is because we found ruins and other leavings. Deprived of that, we really know nothing much. So, I wouldn't expect any character in EvE several thousand years in the future from us to know much either.
On the other hand, I regurarly break this naming my ships things like Cortana (the sword, not the AI) which proibably wouldn't be known either. So there you go. I guess it really boils down to, if its just for fun (ship names) why not. It your basing a major part of your RP off it and expect others to go along with it, maybe you shoudl think again.
As usual, IMHO.