... what other political system is there that exists that espouses cultural conservatism, authoritarianism, racial nationalism, corporatism, the importance of the State collectively over the individual, except for Fascism?
None existing ... which is part of what makes the Caldari interesting.
Please note that (while it seems to me that the veil is cheesecloth thin) the article repeatedly asserts that Caldari nationalism is
not racial, but cultural. We can also infer from certain of its views (esp. of the Achura and Intaki, as noted in the article on the Way of the Winds) that it's
not supremacist, but isolationist.
They intensely want to be themselves, but do not necessarily feel the need to dominate others-- even if that's sometimes the net effect.
The Templis Dragonaurs (of whom Heth is one, I believe) are flat-out fascist. They are also, however, historically marginalized and are quickly becoming marginal once more; the Caldari merely teeter continuously on the edge of fascism, constantly maintaining a small handful of distinguishing factors, (culture, not race; apart, not above) which is a large part of why I give a damn.
Frankly, Nazis are tedious. There's nothing more boring than fascist art-- but fascist societies do tend to have abundant use for it, so long as it glorifies them. The Caldari approach to art is mostly that it's not useful and you'd damn well better have a day job-- they conspicuously, consciously care about function over form and they care more about distinguishing their culture from others than they do about glorying in its supposed superiority.
That's not really a fascist attitude; it's a functionalist and isolationist one.
The distinction is important partly because that the Caldari are not quite (but
almost, and constantly in danger of being) the Helghast is a large slice of what makes them fun.