I'm not sure what the population of free vs. slave is in the Amarrian empire. I have heard that it was as high as 50% of the population were slaves. Even with drones, surveillance, etc. this seems like a lot to me. During Antediluvian slavery, it was about 30%.
The ratio in the Empire is 49% slaves according to CCP Falcon, which amounts to approximately 21 trillion slaves (half of that being Minmatar).
This would lead me to believe that Amarrian society would by necessity be a 'Spartan' society. In other words, Amarr is a militarized and apartheid Police state under constant threat of slave revolt. Many Amarrians would be well trained in the use of weapons, surveillance, and security systems.
Yes but in a stratified sense. There is a high level of weapon control in the Empire. The ones who would have the weapons would be the Holder armies and kameira units (who would probably be used in a similar capacity as RL slave armies like Mamluks and Jannissaries, offering an army unbound by ties of family and heritage).
Rights and privileges for slaves would mitigate this situation somewhat, but not entirely. Brutality would have to be publicly demonstrated as a deterrent, but too much brutality could spark a slave revolt.
As seen with Arzad, an attempt at deterrent through public demonstration of consequence which only served to spark the Great Rebellion many years later.
If the Empire was dependent on slave labor, a slave revolt would grind things to a halt in the same way a general strike would. There would also be rioting and rebellious slaves to contend with as well.
Ergo why the Great Rebellion was so successful. The core worlds had greater infrastructure and security and so could withstand this, but the colony worlds around the former Minmatar Empire were basically at the mercy of the rioting slaves.
I am wondering why slave revolts, or 'servile wars', are not more common in the Empire. At least, there is no mention of them in the PF (beyond the Jovian incident). Are the revolts quickly detected and snuffed out with satellites, drones, thermal detecting sensors, surveillance cameras and other oppressive technologies? Are they so commonplace that they become just another incident, like murders or muggings?
There are several mentioned. There is also the inverse in Amarrian riots against slave populations (seen after the Blood Raiders released insorum over a planet and triggered a slave rebellion on that planet).
I think in general though that the society is mostly free enough to allow slaves to feel like they are members of society, which is what puts down most potential rebellions. Slave life in Amarr is certainly not anywhere near as limiting as any form of RL slavery in many ways. The lack of access of weapons for commoners and slaves and the powerful, modern weapons of the Holder forces also serves to make any kind of rebellion a lot less likely to succeed in comparison to ones we've had in the past. The technology difference between the rioters and the authorities would be immense.
I'd like to quote Source's description of slave life as I think it's relevant for this discussion. Chained to the Sky is also a very good source.
[spoiler]They were worked to the bone but not mistreated, not severely. No beatings to speak of if you kept your mouth shut and your mind on the mine, no capital punishment unless you
really overstepped the line, and nobody dying by the wayside like an animal. The mine owners were tasked with a certain level of output, to ensure the continued prosperity of the Amarr Empire, and they had neither the inclination nor the profit margins to abuse, starve, or permanently damage their workers.
The caverns deprived them of the feel, smell, sights, and sounds of daily planetside life, but the air was at least kept clean down here, and the massive full-spectrum lamps hanging from the ceilings high above helped keep everyone's diurnal cycle and sanity intact. Work was done in rotating shifts--the overhead lighting had graduated to late evening by now--but a minimum rest period was mandated. They had holidays, too--there'd be a revolt if they didn't--but any slave who spent those doing anything worthwhile would be shunned by others, and considered unworthy of the time off. Most people spent their holidays hanging around and abusing the extra Vitoc meant to last them for trips into the city and back again.
If anyone's health started to fail due to age or ongoing illness, they would still not be allowed to transfer out of the mine, but they might be moved to easier tasks. This was not only because the Amarr wanted to squeeze every last drop of life out of their work force, but because they'd found that the Minmatar who'd been slaves to the empire all their lives had a really hard time handling any kind of freedom, and had been inculcated with an unyielding, albeit guilty, need to constantly be
of use to somebody.
So they might still be used as tutors for other slaves, or as fetchers if they'd retained their strength, or even as planners for new projects, because they would have had a lot of experience in knowing what new slaves were likely to accept. Cali had learned from one of those: How to scout for new seams, how to blast open a tunnel withotu having it cave in or ruin the materials you were after, and how to tell when a seam was starting to run low and it was time to prepare for going deeper yet again. If she'd wanted, she could have picked up metallurgy, geology, even business, and taken a (limited) part in oiling and running the great, smog-wreathed machine she was enmeshed in. She had opportunities, restricted though they were, and she had a facsimile of some kind of life here, albeit one tethered to the Amarr Empire from beginning to end.
- "A Traitorous Spark",
EVE Source[/spoiler]