Gottii, both these concepts depict a surface situation around the State. From my point of view, people follow not dictated doctrines like that, but rather their traditions, their mentality. They take ideas from old stories, that are passed through generations, customs, merits and values of parents. And the core of Caldari mentality is following interests of community and self sacrifice for greater good instead of following personal goals. The nation and megacorporation are both communities that a Caldari citizen belongs to. People from above tell him to work for megacorp, and he will do it. People from above tell him to work for Caldari people, and he will do it as well.
Gesakaarin, I can't agree that they function like "single party" system. The system of parties together with democracy was discarded back when Caldari seceded. Typical single party systems that we know, were Soviet Russia, Nazi Germany, etc. The government is dominated by one party, and in order to get power, you have to get into party first. You have to follow party rules, and the country have to support and fund this party. Caldari get rid of all of it. Of parties, of government, of funding all these systems. Although my character would jump on you to slit your throat if you say this, from my point of view, Caldari State is a real anarchy.
What we see now, is an incipient government system. Heth, who are trying to unite all Caldari, planted a sprout of this government, that we can see as a position of Executor, CPD and Provists. It would be interesting to see what this will grow into in like a hundred of years. If there won't be external or internal disturbances, most probably position of Executor will turn into proper place of a head of the state, in a form like president or emperor. And of course, CPD will grow into a strong apparatus of officials, who will penetrate most levels of corporate life. But the most marvelous part will be, that all this new system would be meritocratic. Imagine yourself passing exams to become... a president. A real strong meritocratic government, an utopia, that is unachievable in our world, because politicians won't give their power away. Right now in most countries political parties hold power, they can manipulate peoples through media to make votes, but with real meritocratic system they will lose everything.
There may be a problem, when a minority of Caldari will see this new sprouting government system, that they are afraid of, because once they were already under another government: one of Gallente Federation, and they had to fight it. But Heth's politics, where he is aware of it or not, is already fighting that, pronouncing gallentes as enemies, and thus distancing from them.