Angels
The chron pretty much states that a very likely source for their technology is the scavenged technology from the First and the Second Jovian Empire. Guardian Angels have access to Serpentis breakthroughs as well.
Blood Raiders
In the COSMOS missions it becomes quite apparent that their technology is based on old Takhmahl technology, just like all invented technology in the Amarr Empire.
Guristas
It seems that the Chron about the faction mentions that The Rabbit (Korako Kosakami) is a technical wizard, which gives a half hearted attempt at giving the Guristas access to technology that is not accessible to the rest of the cluster.
Mordu's Legion
Direct quote from the chron: 'Members of the Legion get access to high-tech Caldari military equipment, even prototype weapons to test out, and are guaranteed plenty of employment if they so wish. '
So their technology comes from the Caldari Navy, hinting at the surprising information that the Caldari Navy itself has access to Commander level mods as well.
Sansha
Dictatorship with pure meritocracy based on intellectual achievement would encourage technological development, especially since the infrastructure was probably based upon the best that money could buy from all the Empires when the Nation was formed.
Serpentis
The corporation itself is a hi-tech R&D company. With the access to booster formulas you would probably have the top scientists so hopped up on brain boosters that the results that they generate would be quite astounding. It is mentioned that they work closely with Guardian Angels, giving them access to their breakthroughs and the trade of information most likely goes both ways.
Of course there is more information about the factions themselves within their missions, epic arcs and whatnot.
What interests me is the fact that I was under the belief that all pirate tech was traded from the Jovians. So it seems that all T1 tech is actually made by research while T2 and T3 are made from cannibalizing the technology of now extinct Empires (it could be argued that Angels and Blood Raiders get their T1 technology in the same way, but the difference is that the technology is better in the higher metas than T2 and has better fitting reqs across the board than T2.)
I gather that all tech bought for LP is T1 as well...
Just something that I had a fleeting interest in while pondering what to have for brekkies...
PS. Additional information and musings are welcomed.