As I see it, and going by memory, I think that the Angel Cartel most closely matches the pirates of the high seas and such. The Angels seems to be ruthless, die-hard, and mostly in it for the money and the power. I think this is where you would have the desperate this is my last chance types and also the pillage and burn types, aka, traditional pirates, and they are out there because its far enough out that no one will bother them. This would be a pirate group that evolved into a government sort of thing I think. The other "pirate" groups I would actually lump into a few different catagories as pirating isn't what defines them really.
For instance, Blood Raiders I would actually compare most to Pilgrims. They were forced out of the Amarrian Empire because of religious differences, and so they went to a new land to practice their faith. Their faith just happens to require them to raid ships for the blood. They are more a nation first than a pirate group that grew a government like the Angels.
For the Gurista, they seem more on the rebel side of things, people who don't fit in Caldari society and so they make one of their own. Caldari society, as presented in the books and chrons, is very conformist, and so the Gurista seems to be an escape valve if you're too this or too that to fit in. And you're got to make money somehow, so why not stick it to the Caldari? I would call them a society first, and a government second.
For the Serps, they seem most like the mob, or a mob-like group. A lot of their stuff seems to be in things that get pushed, like drugs, so they seem perfect to be the mob or drug lords of Eve. And since mobs tend to be fairly organized in the first place, I don't see any need for a government with them for people that live in their territory. More like lots of independant citys and planets and a lot of, "Well, its be a real shame if some of our battleships would fire some rounds off target."
As to the OP's question, given the number of worlds, you could probably find any kind of city or planet out there, from Firefly like dust bowls to mega cities and everything in between. As long as the "pirates" are on top, I don't think they would really care. Even if they did, they would probably make the city/planet to be whatever they wanted, so if some pirate leader what to live as king, I'm sure that he would have the power to do that. The power of a god via orbital strikes can be a wonderful motivator.
Anyway, my 2 isk.